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Developmental changes in Malpighian tubule cell structure.

J S Ryerse

    Tissue & Cell
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    The Malpighian tubule cells of the skipper butterfly undergo significant structural remodeling during development, shifting from fluid secretion in larvae to a quiescent state during pupation, and resuming rapid transport in adults. These changes support osmotic gradient models of fluid secretion.

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    Area of Science:

    • Insect physiology
    • Developmental biology
    • Cell biology

    Background:

    • The Malpighian tubules are the primary excretory organs in insects.
    • Understanding cellular development and function is crucial for insect physiology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the structural changes in Malpighian tubule primary cells during the larval-pupal-adult development of the skipper butterfly, Calpodes ethlius.
    • To correlate these structural changes with functional shifts in fluid transport.

    Main Methods:

    • Light and electron microscopy were used to observe cellular structures.
    • Developmental stages (larval, pupal, adult) were examined.
    • Structural changes were correlated with known functional data on fluid transport.

    Main Results:

    • Larval tubules are specialized for fluid secretion with extensive microvilli and basal infolds.
    • During pupation, tubules undergo extensive remodeling: basement membrane thickens, mitochondria and plasma membranes are degraded via autophagy and endocytosis.
    • Mitochondria and basal infolds are re-established in the pharate adult stage, enabling rapid fluid transport in adults, which also show reduced tubule diameter and wall thickness.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular remodeling during metamorphosis is essential for regulating fluid transport.
    • The observed structural changes support osmotic gradient models of fluid secretion.
    • Mineral concretions in larval tubules may play an anabolic role.

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