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Bootstrapping on the adaptive landscape.

M Conrad

    Bio Systems
    |August 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Genes can evolve more easily due to structural changes, even if these changes cost energy. This "bootstrap principle" helps organisms adapt and has implications for complex biological systems and computing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Evolutionary biology
    • Systems biology
    • Bioinformatics

    Background:

    • Genes and genetic systems can have equivalent functions but differ in evolutionary potential.
    • Evolutionary adaptability is influenced by structural features that may impose an energetic cost.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and explain the bootstrap principle of evolutionary adaptability.
    • To explore the implications of bootstrapping for structure-function relationships in biological systems and computing.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptual framework development.
    • Theoretical analysis of evolutionary processes.
    • Discussion of implications across diverse scientific domains.

    Main Results:

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    • Identified structural features that enhance evolutionary amenability, termed the bootstrap principle.
    • Demonstrated that these features accumulate via hitchhiking with beneficial traits.
    • Linked bootstrapping to occupying more evolutionarily accessible regions of the adaptive landscape.

    Conclusions:

    • The bootstrap principle explains how organisms enhance their capacity for future evolution.
    • This principle has broad applicability to understanding complex biological information processing systems, from molecular to neural levels.
    • Bootstrapping offers insights into the origin of life and the design of novel computing systems.