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Circulating immune complexes in acute schistosomiasis.

T J Lawley, E A Ottesen, R A Hiatt

    Clinical and Experimental Immunology
    |August 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Circulating immune complexes are prevalent in acute schistosomiasis but rare in chronic cases, suggesting their role in disease activity. Eosinophil counts inversely correlate with these complexes in acute infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Parasitology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease characterized by immune responses.
    • Circulating immune complexes (CICs) are implicated in various infectious and autoimmune conditions.
    • Understanding CICs in schistosomiasis may offer insights into disease pathogenesis and immune evasion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and significance of CICs in acute versus chronic schistosomiasis.
    • To correlate CIC levels with clinical disease activity and eosinophil counts.

    Main Methods:

    • Sera from patients with acute and chronic schistosomiasis were analyzed.
    • The 125I-C1q binding assay was employed to detect CICs.
    • Immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM) presence in CICs was assessed.

    Main Results:

    • Elevated CICs were detected in 93% of acute schistosomiasis patients versus 18% of chronic patients (P < 0.001).
    • CIC levels significantly correlated with clinical disease activity.
    • A significant inverse correlation was observed between CIC levels and absolute eosinophil counts in acute cases.

    Conclusions:

    • CICs are a hallmark of acute schistosomiasis, diminishing as the disease progresses to chronicity.
    • The findings support a role for eosinophils in the clearance of CICs during schistosomiasis.
    • Further research is needed to identify specific parasite antigens driving CIC formation.

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