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Related Experiment Videos

Maternal and neonatal Australia antigen.

T F Keys, C J Hobel, S Ritman

    California Medicine
    |December 1, 1971
    PubMed
    Summary

    Australia antigen (Au(1)) was detected in 1% of mothers. One infant born to a positive mother developed chronic antigenemia, highlighting potential risks for neonatal hepatitis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Virology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Australia antigen (Au(1)), now known as Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), is a marker for Hepatitis B virus infection.
    • Vertical transmission of Hepatitis B virus from mother to infant is a significant global health concern.
    • Understanding the prevalence and transmission dynamics of Au(1) in specific populations is crucial for public health interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of Australia antigen (Au(1)) in maternal and cord blood samples in a Southern California population.
    • To investigate the potential for vertical transmission of Au(1) from infected mothers to their newborns.
    • To explore the implications of chronic Au(1) antigenemia in infants for neonatal hepatitis pathogenesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Collected 414 pairs of maternal and cord blood specimens from a Southern California county hospital.
    • Assayed blood samples for Australia antigen (Au(1)) using complement fixation and immunodiffusion techniques.
    • Monitored infants born to Au(1)-positive mothers for antigenemia development and persistence.

    Main Results:

    • Four maternal specimens (1%) tested positive for Au(1).
    • One mother with positive Au(1} was symptomatic with viral hepatitis at delivery.
    • One infant born to an Au(1)-positive mother became antigenemic by one month of age, with persistent titers for 12 months.

    Conclusions:

    • The study identified a low prevalence of Au(1) in the Southern California population studied.
    • Vertical transmission occurred in one case, leading to chronic antigenemia in the infant.
    • The findings suggest a potential role for chronic Au(1) antigenemia in neonatal hepatitis, warranting further investigation.

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