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Related Experiment Videos

Excretion pathways of amphotericin B.

P C Craven, T M Ludden, D J Drutz

    The Journal of Infectious Diseases
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Biliary excretion of amphotericin B is minimal, with most of the drug cleared through urine. This suggests infrequent dosing may be effective for treating fungal infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacokinetics
    • Drug Metabolism
    • Mycology

    Background:

    • Amphotericin B is a critical antifungal agent.
    • Understanding its excretion pathways is crucial for optimizing treatment.
    • The role of the biliary system in amphotericin B clearance is not fully elucidated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of the biliary system in amphotericin B excretion.
    • To determine the proportion of amphotericin B cleared via bile and urine.
    • To assess the impact of biliary obstruction on amphotericin B serum levels.

    Main Methods:

    • A canine model was utilized with options for biliary diversion or obstruction.
    • Amphotericin B was administered intravenously as a single or daily dose.
    • Bile, urine, and stool were analyzed for amphotericin B content.
    • Serum drug levels were monitored during different biliary flow conditions.

    Main Results:

    • Biliary excretion of amphotericin B was low (≤19% of the dose).
    • Urinary excretion was more significant (21% of the dose) and prolonged.
    • Biliary obstruction led to a significant increase (19%) in serum amphotericin B levels.
    • No amphotericin B was detected in stool when bile was diverted.

    Conclusions:

    • Biliary excretion accounts for a minor portion of total amphotericin B clearance.
    • Prolonged excretion via urine and bile suggests potential for less frequent dosing regimens.
    • These findings support the exploration of intermittent amphotericin B administration for certain fungal infections.

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