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The first three words.

M E Wingate

    Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Stuttering frequency is influenced by word position and grammatical class. Linguistic stress, not position or class alone, is the primary factor affecting stuttering patterns in speech.

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    Area of Science:

    • Speech and Language Pathology
    • Linguistics
    • Psycholinguistics

    Background:

    • Stuttering research consistently shows higher frequency in early sentence positions and specific grammatical classes.
    • These two factors, sentence position and grammatical class, are often confounded in natural language samples.
    • Previous studies have not fully disentangled the independent contributions of word position and grammatical class to stuttering frequency.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the confounding influence of grammatical class on the relationship between early sentence position and stuttering frequency.
    • To determine the primary linguistic factor responsible for observed stuttering patterns.
    • To re-evaluate the established correlations between word position, grammatical class, and stuttering.

    Main Methods:

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    • Analysis of representative English prose samples to assess word position and grammatical class distribution.
    • Utilization of a specially constructed passage to manipulate the grammatical class composition of initial sentence words.
    • Comparison of stuttering frequency patterns in natural prose versus the constructed passage.

    Main Results:

    • Early sentence positions, particularly the first three words, are disproportionately occupied by grammatical classes associated with high stuttering frequency.
    • Altering the grammatical class composition of initial sentence words significantly changed typical stuttering frequency patterns.
    • The findings indicate that linguistic stress is the crucial element underlying both grammatical class and sentence position effects.

    Conclusions:

    • The influence of early sentence position on stuttering is confounded by grammatical class.
    • Linguistic stress is identified as the essential factor driving stuttering frequency in relation to both word position and grammatical class.
    • This research reframes the understanding of stuttering etiology, emphasizing prosodic and stress-related features.