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A vasodepressor effect of pentobarbitone sodium.

W Feldberg, P G Guertzenstein

    The Journal of Physiology
    |July 1, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary

    Injecting pentobarbitone sodium into the cerebral ventricles of cats caused a significant drop in blood pressure by inhibiting vasomotor tone. This effect required the drug to reach the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata via the subarachnoid space.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cardiovascular Physiology

    Background:

    • Pentobarbitone sodium is known to affect the central nervous system.
    • The precise mechanism of its vasodepressor effects when administered intracerebroventricularly requires elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the specific site and mechanism of action of pentobarbitone sodium-induced hypotension when injected into the cerebral ventricles.
    • To determine the pathway through which pentobarbitone sodium exerts its effect on arterial blood pressure.

    Main Methods:

    • Intracerebroventricular and cisterna magna injections of pentobarbitone sodium in anesthetized, artificially ventilated cats.
    • Ventricular perfusion experiments with and without outflow cannulas.
    • Topical application of pentobarbitone sodium to the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata.

    Main Results:

    • Intracerebroventricular injection of pentobarbitone sodium caused a pronounced, centrally mediated fall in arterial blood pressure.
    • The vasodepressor effect was more potent via the ventricles than cisterna magna, indicating action beyond ventricular walls.
    • The drug needed to access the subarachnoid space, specifically the ventral medulla oblongata, to exert its effect.
    • Bilateral topical application to the ventral medulla produced a significant hypotensive response.

    Conclusions:

    • Pentobarbitone sodium's vasodepressor action is mediated by structures in the subarachnoid space, particularly the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata.
    • The drug likely acts on nerve cells in the marginal glia under the pia mater in this region.
    • These cells may play a role in maintaining arterial blood pressure, and their activity is suppressed by pentobarbitone sodium.

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