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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in axon light scattering that accompany the action potential: current-dependent components.

L B Cohen, R D Keynes, D Landowne

    The Journal of Physiology
    |August 1, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary

    Light scattering changes during nerve impulses depend on ionic current, not voltage. Periaxonal space swelling, influenced by chloride ions, causes these observed scattering shifts.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biophysics
    • Cellular Physiology

    Background:

    • Light scattering is a biophysical technique used to study cellular changes.
    • Ionic currents across cell membranes induce changes in cellular environment.
    • Understanding these environmental changes is crucial for interpreting nerve impulse dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between ionic currents and light scattering changes in nerve cells.
    • To characterize the time course and angular dependence of light scattering responses to ionic currents.
    • To elucidate the biophysical origins of observed light scattering phenomena during electrical activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Voltage-clamp technique to control ionic currents across the cell membrane.

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  • Measurement of light scattering at various angles during depolarizing and hyperpolarizing steps.
  • Analysis of scattering changes in response to specific ionic substitutions and changes in external refractive index.

    • Main Results:

    • Light scattering changes were primarily dependent on the time integral of ionic current, not membrane potential or conductance.
    • Three distinct scattering time courses (I-90°, I-25°, I-10°) were identified at different scattering angles.
    • I-90° scattering changes were linked to periaxonal space volume changes, potentially due to ion transport.
    • I-10° scattering was sensitive to external refractive index, suggesting involvement of hydration or transport phenomena.

    Conclusions:

    • Light scattering changes during nerve activity are driven by ionic current flow and associated volume changes.
    • Periaxonal space swelling, particularly influenced by chloride ion movement, is a significant contributor to light scattering.
    • The study provides insights into the physical basis of light scattering signals from excitable cells.