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Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim
Abstract:
Strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the lesions of hospital patients were surveyed for resistance to sulphamethoxazole and to trimethoprim. Of 675 strains tested, 18.5% were resistant to sulphamethoxazole and 1.6% to trimethoprim. All the trimethoprim-resistant strains were resistant to sulphamethoxazole and to a 1:20 mixture of the two drugs. Trimethoprim-resistant strains were on average more resistant to sulphamethoxazole than were trimethoprim-sensitive strains. They were all resistant to several other antimicrobial agents. Most of them had the phage-typing pattern 84/85, 84, or 85.
Insights
Most Staphylococcus aureus hospital isolates showed resistance to sulphamethoxazole (18.5%) and a smaller proportion to trimethoprim (1.6%). Trimethoprim-resistant strains also exhibited resistance to sulphamethoxazole and other antibiotics.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Hospital-acquired infections pose significant challenges.
- Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of nosocomial infections.
- Antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus necessitates ongoing surveillance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim resistance in Staphylococcus aureus strains from hospital patients.
- To characterize the resistance patterns of trimethoprim-resistant strains.
Main Methods:
- Survey of 675 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patient lesions.
- Testing for resistance to sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim.
- Phenotypic characterization of trimethoprim-resistant strains, including resistance to other antimicrobials and phage-typing.
Main Results:
- 18.5% of strains were resistant to sulphamethoxazole; 1.6% were resistant to trimethoprim.
- All trimethoprim-resistant strains were also resistant to sulphamethoxazole and a sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim combination.
- Trimethoprim-resistant strains showed higher average resistance to sulphamethoxazole and resistance to multiple other antimicrobial agents.
- A majority of trimethoprim-resistant strains belonged to phage-typing patterns 84/85, 84, or 85.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of hospital-associated Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit resistance to sulphamethoxazole.
- Trimethoprim resistance in S. aureus is less common but is associated with multi-drug resistance and specific phage types.
- These findings highlight the need for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends in hospital settings.