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Piperacillin susceptibility tests by the single-disk agar diffusion technique.

A L Barry, C Thornsberry, R E Badal

    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    New piperacillin antibiotic susceptibility testing standards were established using agar diffusion methods. The 100-microgram piperacillin disk proved effective for identifying bacterial resistance or susceptibility.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Pharmacology
    • Clinical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Piperacillin is a semisynthetic penicillin with a broad spectrum of activity.
    • Established susceptibility testing methods are crucial for guiding antibiotic therapy.
    • Comparing piperacillin to existing penicillins like carbenicillin and ticarcillin is important for clinical application.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish reliable standards for agar diffusion susceptibility tests utilizing piperacillin disks.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of different concentrations of piperacillin disks (100, 150, 200 micrograms).
    • To compare piperacillin disk performance with carbenicillin disks.

    Main Methods:

    • Agar diffusion susceptibility testing was performed using piperacillin disks of varying concentrations (100, 150, 200 micrograms).

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  • Tests were also conducted using 100-microgram carbenicillin disks for comparative analysis.
  • Zone diameters were measured and correlated with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for Staphylococcus aureus and other microorganisms.

    • Main Results:

    • 100-microgram piperacillin disks were found to be satisfactory for susceptibility testing, despite piperacillin's slower diffusion rate.
    • For Staphylococcus aureus, zones ≤28 mm indicated resistance and zones ≥29 mm indicated susceptibility for both piperacillin and carbenicillin disks.
    • For other microorganisms, zone standards of ≤13 mm (resistant, MIC ≥256 µg/ml) and ≥17 mm (susceptible, MIC ≤64 µg/ml) were recommended for 100-microgram piperacillin disks.

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully established zone diameter standards for piperacillin disk susceptibility testing.
    • The recommended standards for piperacillin are comparable to those currently used for carbenicillin and ticarcillin.
    • These findings support the use of 100-microgram piperacillin disks for routine bacterial susceptibility testing.