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Related Experiment Videos

Endogenous primate and feline type C viruses.

G J Todaro, R E Benveniste, R Callahan

    Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
    |January 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Endogenous type C viruses are widespread in mammals and evolve with species. These viral genes, found in DNA, suggest ancient infections and potential normal functions beneficial to species.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Genetics
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Endogenous type C viruses are present in diverse mammalian species, with multiple related virogene sequences in their DNA.
    • These endogenous virogenes are shaped by natural selection, showing sequence similarities that correlate with species' taxonomic relationships.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the evolutionary dynamics and interspecies relationships of endogenous type C viruses.
    • To explore the origins and potential functions of endogenous type C virogenes in mammalian evolution.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of virogene sequences across different mammalian species.
    • Biologic, immunologic, and nucleic acid sequence homology assessments to distinguish viral strains.
    • Evolutionary modeling to compare the divergence rates of endogenous and exogenous viruses.

    Main Results:

    • Endogenous type C virogenes evolve as cellular entities, with sequences reflecting species' taxonomic relatedness.
    • Baboon and domestic cat endogenous type C viruses are related but distinguishable; cat virogenes show homology with Old World monkey virogenes.
    • Exogenous viruses evolve faster than endogenous virogenes; oncogenic viruses may derive from activated endogenous forms.

    Conclusions:

    • Domestic cat endogenous type C viruses likely originated from an exogenous infection event involving a virus related to those in Old World monkeys.
    • The long-term preservation and ubiquity of endogenous type C viruses suggest they play essential physiological roles conferring a selective advantage.

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