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IUD compared with oral contraception in nulliparae.

A Bergqvist, G Rybo

    Contraception
    |October 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

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    Intrauterine devices (IUD) had a lower continuation rate (58%) than oral contraceptives (OC) (86%) at 12 months. IUDs also showed higher expulsion and adverse event rates, impacting long-term contraceptive choice.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Health
    • Contraception Research
    • Clinical Gynecology

    Background:

    • Family planning clinics provide essential reproductive health services.
    • Contraceptive method choice significantly impacts user continuation and effectiveness.
    • Understanding long-term outcomes of different contraceptive methods is crucial for patient counseling.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the 12-month continuation rates of Intrauterine Devices (IUD) and Oral Contraceptives (OC).
    • To evaluate adverse effects and expulsion rates associated with IUD use.
    • To assess the risk of discontinuation and unwanted pregnancy for both methods.

    Main Methods:

    • A prospective study of 172 nulliparous women at a Swedish family planning clinic.
    • Contraceptive methods (IUD and OC) administered by healthcare professionals with varying experience.
    Keywords:
    Clinical ResearchContraceptionContraception TerminationContraceptive MethodsContraceptive Methods--contraindicationsContraceptive Methods--indicationsContraceptive Methods--side effectsContraceptive UsageDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesEuropeExaminations And DiagnosesFamily PlanningFertilityFertility MeasurementsIud--indicationsNorthern EuropeNulliparityOral Contraceptives, CombinedOral Contraceptives--contraindicationsOral Contraceptives--side effectsParityPopulationPopulation DynamicsResearch MethodologyRetentionScandinaviaSweden

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  • Follow-up at 12 months to record continuation rates, expulsion, adverse events, and method discontinuation.

    • Main Results:

    • 12-month continuation rate was 58% for IUD versus 86% for OC.
    • IUD expulsion rate was 11%; 30% of IUD users had the device removed due to adverse effects.
    • 10% of IUD users and 5% of OC users discontinued without switching methods, risking pregnancy.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral contraceptives demonstrate higher user continuation rates compared to Intrauterine Devices at 12 months.
    • Adverse effects and expulsion are significant factors contributing to IUD discontinuation.
    • Healthcare providers should consider these comparative outcomes when advising patients on long-term contraceptive choices.