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Human platelet aggregation by thimerosal. Functional and ultrastructural studies.

G Leone, S Schintu, R Porfiri

    Haemostasis
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thimerosal causes platelet aggregation and release reactions by binding to cell membranes. This process is independent of ADP and arachidonate pathways, and is not affected by aspirin.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Thimerosal is a mercury-containing compound known to inhibit sulfhydryl groups.
    • Platelet aggregation and release reactions are critical hemostatic processes.
    • Understanding the effects of Thimerosal on platelets is important for safety assessments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanisms of Thimerosal-induced platelet aggregation.
    • To elucidate the role of Thimerosal in platelet morphology and function.
    • To determine the pathways involved in Thimerosal's effect on platelets.

    Main Methods:

    • Platelet-rich plasma aggregation studies using an aggregometer.
    • Ultrastructural analysis via electron microscopy.
    • Measurement of 14C-serotonin release to assess release reactions.

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    Main Results:

    • Thimerosal induced platelet aggregation and release reactions at low doses, evidenced by decreased optical density and ultrastructural changes.
    • High doses of Thimerosal caused significant alterations in platelet morphology, including membrane rupture.
    • Thimerosal binds to platelet plasma membranes, initiating aggregation independent of ADP or the arachidonate pathway.
    • Thimerosal-induced aggregation was not inhibited by ADP removal or aspirin.

    Conclusions:

    • Thimerosal directly induces platelet aggregation and release reactions through plasma membrane interactions.
    • The mechanism of Thimerosal-induced platelet aggregation is distinct from common pathways involving ADP or arachidonic acid.
    • These findings highlight Thimerosal's potent effects on platelet function and morphology.