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Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

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Proximal tubular function in dogs with thoracic caval constriction.

R B Auld, E A Alexander, N G Levinsky

The Journal of Clinical Investigation

|October 1, 1971

Summary

Saline infusion reduces proximal sodium reabsorption in dogs with vena cava obstruction. Enhanced distal reabsorption is key to sodium retention in these dogs, despite increased fluid delivery.

Area of Science:

Renal Physiology
Cardiovascular Research
Nephrology

Background:

Partial thoracic vena cava obstruction (TVC) affects renal sodium handling.
Understanding the impact of saline loading on sodium reabsorption is crucial in TVC models.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the effects of saline infusion on proximal sodium reabsorption in normal dogs versus dogs with acute or chronic TVC obstruction.
To investigate the role of enhanced distal reabsorption in sodium retention during saline loading in chronic TVC dogs.

Main Methods:

Comparison of proximal fractional sodium reabsorption before and after saline infusion in normal dogs and dogs with acute/chronic TVC obstruction.
Measurement of nephron filtration rate (NFR) and unilateral sodium excretion.
Micropuncture techniques were employed to assess tubular function.

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Main Results:

Acute TVC obstruction increased proximal fractional sodium reabsorption by 74%.
Saline loading reduced proximal reabsorption in both acute and chronic TVC dogs, but sodium excretion remained minimal.
In normal dogs, saline loading decreased proximal reabsorption by 39% with a significant rise in sodium excretion.

Conclusions:

Saline infusion depresses proximal sodium reabsorption in dogs with acute and chronic TVC obstruction.
Enhanced distal reabsorption plays a major role in sodium retention in chronic TVC dogs, despite increased distal fluid delivery.
Filtrate redistribution is not a primary factor in the observed sodium retention.