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Related Experiment Videos

Human flexor reflexes.

B T Shahani, R R Young

    Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
    |October 1, 1971
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study investigates flexor reflexes in neurological patients, finding altered reflex components in spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease, and Friedreich's ataxia, offering insights into reflex pathways.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Human Physiology
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Flexor reflexes, crucial for motor responses, involve complex neural pathways.
    • Understanding these reflexes aids in diagnosing and understanding neurological disorders.
    • The tibialis anterior muscle's response to foot sole stimulation provides a model for studying flexor reflexes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the characteristics of a specific flexor reflex in normal subjects and patients with various neurological conditions.
    • To identify how lesions in the spinal cord, brain, and peripheral nerves affect flexor reflex components.
    • To explore the role of small myelinated afferent fibers in mediating these reflexes.

    Main Methods:

    • Recording of the tibialis anterior muscle response to electrical stimulation of the foot sole.
    • Comparison of reflex patterns in healthy individuals and patients with neurological disorders (spinal cord lesions, cerebral lesions, Parkinson's disease, Friedreich's ataxia).
    • Analysis of reflex latency, threshold, and recovery curves.

    Main Results:

    • The first component of the flexor reflex is diminished in chronic spinal cord or cerebral lesions but enhanced in Parkinson's disease.
    • Exaggerated flexor reflexes with long latencies are observed in spinal cord disease patients.
    • Early recovery from spinal transection shows spinal origins for both reflex components; small myelinated fibers are implicated in Friedreich's ataxia.

    Conclusions:

    • Flexor reflex components are differentially affected by various neurological lesions, providing diagnostic markers.
    • The study highlights the spinal origin of early recovery reflexes and implicates small myelinated fibers in sensory input.
    • Long-lasting alterations in flexor reflex excitability are observed, varying with lesion location (spinal vs. brainstem rostral).

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