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Related Experiment Videos

DDT in the biosphere: where does it go?

G M Woodwell, P P Craig, H A Johnson

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |December 10, 1971
    PubMed
    Summary

    DDT residues move from land to oceans via the atmosphere. Global modeling indicates peak atmospheric DDT in 1966 and oceanic DDT in 1971, with biota absorbing minimal amounts, highlighting risks of uncontrolled toxin use.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Chemistry
    • Biogeochemical Cycles
    • Ecotoxicology

    Background:

    • DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) residues exhibit a global movement pattern from terrestrial to marine environments.
    • Understanding the transport dynamics and accumulation of DDT is crucial for assessing environmental risks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To model the movement and concentration of DDT residues globally.
    • To estimate the timing of peak DDT concentrations in different environmental compartments.
    • To assess the proportion of DDT accumulated by biota.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized fragmentary data on DDT residue movement rates and pool sizes.
    • Developed a model to simulate DDT concentrations in the atmosphere and ocean mixed layer.
    • Calculated the estimated total DDT burden in the biota.

    Main Results:

    • DDT residues move from land, through the atmosphere, to the oceans.
    • Atmospheric and oceanic DDT concentrations lag slightly behind annual global usage.
    • Peak atmospheric DDT concentration estimated for 1966, oceanic mixed layer for 1971.
    • Biota accumulated less than 1/30 of annual DDT production during the mid-1960s.

    Conclusions:

    • The biosphere's limited absorption of DDT suggests potential good fortune in avoiding severe impacts.
    • Further research into DDT residue pathways and global toxin control is urgently needed.
    • Rational control of toxins requires comprehensive knowledge of biosphere cycles and hazards.

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