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Ear disease in rural Australia.

D J Moran, J E Waterford, F Hollows

    The Medical Journal of Australia
    |August 25, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Otitis media, an ear infection, is more common and lasts longer in rural Australian Aboriginals compared to non-Aboriginals. Scarring indicates a higher current prevalence in Aboriginal children and adults.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Otolaryngology

    Background:

    • Otitis media and tympanic scarring are significant health concerns, particularly in Indigenous populations.
    • Previous studies indicate disparities in ear health between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the prevalence and patterns of otitis media and tympanic scarring in rural Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations in Australia.
    • To identify age-related differences in otitis media prevalence.
    • To analyze trends in otitis media and scarring over time within these groups.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-sectional study analyzing data from 60,273 Aboriginals and 37,713 non-Aboriginals in rural Australia.
    • Prevalence rates of otitis media and tympanic scarring were calculated for both groups.

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  • Data stratified by age, with specific attention to children under 10 years.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall prevalence of otitis media was 11% in Aboriginals versus 1.1% in non-Aboriginals.
    • Tympanic scarring prevalence was 29.1% in Aboriginals compared to 13.5% in non-Aboriginals.
    • Children under 10 years exhibited the highest otitis media rates in both populations; Aboriginals had a lower proportion of "glue ear" (otitis media with effusion).

    Conclusions:

    • Otitis media occurs more frequently and persists longer in rural Aboriginal Australians.
    • Current scarring rates suggest an increasing incidence of otitis media in Aboriginals, contrasting with a decreasing trend in non-Aboriginals.
    • These findings highlight persistent health inequities in ear conditions requiring targeted public health interventions.