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A central role for denervated tissues in causing nerve sprouting.

M C Brown, R L Holland

    Nature
    |December 13, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Muscle fibers, not nerve degeneration, signal peripheral nerve sprouting after injury. Activating denervated muscle fibers stops this growth, revealing a key mechanism in nerve repair and plasticity.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cellular Biology
    • Muscle Physiology

    Background:

    • Peripheral nerve plasticity, including axonal sprouting, is crucial for functional recovery after nerve injury.
    • The precise signaling mechanisms initiating axonal sprouting in partially denervated muscles remain incompletely understood.
    • Muscle paralysis, a common consequence of denervation, is known to induce motor nerve terminal sprouting.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the source of the signal that elicits axonal sprouting in partially denervated mammalian muscles.
    • To determine whether inactive muscle fibers contribute to the sprouting response observed after partial denervation.
    • To elucidate the role of muscle fiber activity in regulating nerve terminal sprouting.

    Main Methods:

    • Partial denervation of mammalian muscles was performed.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Direct electrical stimulation was applied to partially denervated muscles.
  • Axonal sprouting was quantified in response to muscle stimulation and inactivity.

    • Main Results:

    • Direct stimulation of partially denervated muscles significantly inhibited axonal sprouting.
    • Muscle stimulation was shown to activate the denervated muscle fibers.
    • This activation prevented the spread of sprouting signals from denervated to innervated nerve fibers.

    Conclusions:

    • Denervated muscle fibers, rather than nerve degeneration products, are a primary source of the signal inducing axonal sprouting after partial denervation.
    • Muscle fiber activity, specifically activation of denervated fibers, can inhibit this sprouting response.
    • Understanding this signaling pathway offers insights into neuronal plasticity and potential therapeutic strategies for nerve repair.