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Related Experiment Videos

Excitation-contraction coupling in amphioxus muscle cells.

S Hagiwara, M P Henkart, Y Kidokoro

    The Journal of Physiology
    |December 1, 1971
    PubMed
    Summary

    Excitation-contraction coupling in amphioxus muscles relies on calcium influx during action potentials, not caffeine-mobilized calcium. This calcium influx mechanism drives muscle twitches.

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    Area of Science:

    • Muscle physiology
    • Comparative animal physiology
    • Neurobiology

    Background:

    • Excitation-contraction coupling is fundamental to muscle function.
    • Understanding primitive chordate muscle mechanisms provides evolutionary insights.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Investigate excitation-contraction coupling in amphioxus myotomal muscles.
    • Determine the role of external calcium and caffeine in muscle response.

    Main Methods:

    • Electrophysiology to record action potentials and twitches.
    • Varying external calcium concentrations and using ion inhibitors (Co, La).
    • Caffeine application to induce contractures and assess recovery.
    • Electron microscopy to identify cellular structures.

    Main Results:

    • Muscle twitches are dependent on external calcium and abolished in calcium-free solutions.
    • Caffeine induces prolonged contractures, independent of external calcium.
    • Caffeine-induced responses recover over time in normal saline but not in calcium-free saline.
    • Sarcoplasmic reticulum is present in amphioxus muscle cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Amphioxus muscle twitches are initiated by calcium influx through the sarcolemma during action potentials.
    • Calcium mobilized by caffeine is not essential for initiating muscle twitches.
    • The sarcoplasmic reticulum's role in amphioxus muscle contraction requires further investigation.

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