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Cataracts in bleomycin-treated rats.

G A Edwards, V B Bernardino, V I Babcock

    American Journal of Ophthalmology
    |September 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Young rats given bleomycin (BLM) developed cataracts, especially before 10 days old. Older rats were unaffected, suggesting age-dependent toxicity of BLM on lens development.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Toxicology
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Bleomycin (BLM) is a chemotherapy agent.
    • Ocular toxicity is a potential side effect of chemotherapy.
    • The developmental stage of ocular tissues may influence drug-induced toxicity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of bleomycin administration on cataract development in rats.
    • To determine the age-dependency of bleomycin-induced cataract formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Bleomycin was administered to 126 rats of varying ages (normal and human-tumor-bearing).
    • Rats were observed for the development of lens opacities (cataracts).
    • Age at the time of bleomycin administration was recorded.

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    Main Results:

    • Eighty-four percent of rats treated before 10 days of age developed cataracts.
    • Rats treated at 10 days of age or older did not develop cataracts.
    • Cataracts began in the nuclear area and progressed to involve most of the lens.

    Conclusions:

    • Neonatal and early-infancy exposure to bleomycin induces cataracts in rats.
    • Age-dependent susceptibility to bleomycin-induced cataracts is evident.
    • The presence of the tunica vasculosa lentis in young rats may contribute to cataract development.