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Cataracts in bleomycin-treated rats.

G A Edwards, V B Bernardino, V I Babcock

American Journal of Ophthalmology

|September 1, 1975

Summary

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Young rats given bleomycin (BLM) developed cataracts, especially before 10 days old. Older rats were unaffected, suggesting age-dependent toxicity of BLM on lens development.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Toxicology
Developmental Biology

Background:

Bleomycin (BLM) is a chemotherapy agent.
Ocular toxicity is a potential side effect of chemotherapy.
The developmental stage of ocular tissues may influence drug-induced toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of bleomycin administration on cataract development in rats.
To determine the age-dependency of bleomycin-induced cataract formation.

Main Methods:

Bleomycin was administered to 126 rats of varying ages (normal and human-tumor-bearing).
Rats were observed for the development of lens opacities (cataracts).
Age at the time of bleomycin administration was recorded.

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Main Results:

Eighty-four percent of rats treated before 10 days of age developed cataracts.
Rats treated at 10 days of age or older did not develop cataracts.
Cataracts began in the nuclear area and progressed to involve most of the lens.

Conclusions:

Neonatal and early-infancy exposure to bleomycin induces cataracts in rats.
Age-dependent susceptibility to bleomycin-induced cataracts is evident.
The presence of the tunica vasculosa lentis in young rats may contribute to cataract development.