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The intestinal phase hormone.

M J Orloff, P V Hyde, L D Kosta

    World Journal of Surgery
    |September 20, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A newly identified intestinal phase hormone (IPH) stimulates gastric acid secretion. This hormone, distinct from known gastric stimulants, plays a key role in digestion and is implicated in gastric hypersecretion after portacaval shunt surgery.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Endocrinology
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • The intestinal phase of gastric acid secretion, though long suspected, is now recognized for its significant role in digestion.
    • Gastric acid hypersecretion following portacaval shunt (PCS) surgery is linked to the unmasking of this intestinal phase due to impaired liver degradation of a humoral stimulant.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the humoral mediation of the intestinal phase of gastric secretion and PCS-related hypersecretion.
    • To characterize a novel intestinal phase hormone (IPH) and its role in gastric acid regulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Physiological studies in dogs, rats, and pigs.
    • Preparation and characterization of hog intestinal mucosa extract (HIME) with properties of IPH.
    • Assays for gastric acid secretion and hormonal activity, including dose-response relationships and comparisons with known hormones like gastrin and CCK.

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    Main Results:

    • Evidence supports a humoral mediator originating in the small intestine, particularly the jejunum, responsible for the intestinal phase of gastric secretion and PCS-related hypersecretion.
    • Hog intestinal mucosa extract (HIME) demonstrated potent, dose-dependent stimulation of gastric acid secretion, distinct from gastrin and CCK.
    • HIME's stimulant augmented maximal acid output in response to other secretagogues and was significantly degraded by the liver, unlike gastrin and CCK.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel intestinal phase hormone (IPH) significantly influences gastric acid secretion.
    • IPH is implicated in the pathophysiology of gastric hypersecretion associated with portacaval shunt.
    • Ongoing research aims to isolate and identify this low-molecular-weight peptide hormone.