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The paranasal sinuses in lepromatous leprosy
Leprosy in India
|October 1, 1979
Summary
Leprosy can affect the upper respiratory tract, including sinuses. This study found acid-fast bacilli in sinus biopsies, highlighting the importance of ENT exams for leprosy patients.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Dermatology
Background:
- Leprosy, particularly the lepromatous form, can involve extranasal sites.
- Upper respiratory tract involvement in leprosy is often overlooked.
- Previous work identified radiological sinus abnormalities in lepromatous leprosy patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe clinical and bacteriological findings in lepromatous leprosy patients with suspected intranasal and sinus involvement.
- To perform histopathological examination of sinus mucosa biopsies.
- To emphasize the importance of ENT examinations in leprosy management.
Main Methods:
- Clinical and bacteriological assessment of 16 untreated lepromatous leprosy patients.
- Histopathological analysis of sinus mucosa biopsies from two patients.
- Identification of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and their morphology within the tissue.
Main Results:
- All 16 patients showed radiological sinus abnormalities.
- Histopathology revealed histiocytic infiltrate with AFB in sinus mucosa biopsies.
- Biopsies showed numerous bacilli, common globi, and solid-staining organisms, indicating active bacterial multiplication.
Conclusions:
- Upper respiratory tract tissues, including paranasal sinuses, are crucial sites for Mycobacterium leprae multiplication.
- Sinus involvement may contribute to bacillary dissemination into the environment.
- Comprehensive ear, nose, and throat examinations are vital for all leprosy patients, especially those with lepromatous leprosy.
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