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Alterations in pulmonary function consequent to competitive marathon running.

M B Maron, L H Hamilton, M G Maksud

    Medicine and Science in Sports
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Marathon running significantly reduces vital capacity by causing expiratory flow limitation at low lung volumes, likely due to small airway closure. Lung function returns to normal the day after the race.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary physiology
    • Exercise science

    Background:

    • Reductions in vital capacity post-marathon were reported over 50 years ago.
    • The underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon remain incompletely understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanisms responsible for vital capacity reduction after marathon running.
    • To determine if the reduction is due to inspiratory or expiratory limitations.

    Main Methods:

    • Spirometry, maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves, DLCO, and residual volume (RV) were measured in 13 runners.
    • Measurements were taken pre-marathon, immediately post-marathon, and the following day.

    Main Results:

    • Post-race forced vital capacity (FVC) decreased by 8.6% (0.48 L) with a concomitant increase in RV, indicating no change in total lung capacity.

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  • Expiratory flow limitation occurred at low lung volumes, affecting FEV1-2, FEF1, and FEF2, but not FEV1 or FEF200-1200.
  • Mean DLCO remained unchanged, and pulmonary function returned to baseline the next day.

    • Conclusions:

    • Marathon running leads to a temporary reduction in FVC, primarily due to expiratory flow limitation at lower lung volumes.
    • These findings suggest small airway closure at increased lung volumes contributes to post-marathon vital capacity reduction.
    • Pulmonary function is fully restored within 24 hours post-race.