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Pulmonary function in rabbits with BCG-induced lung disease.

R P McGovern, M B Maron, C A Dawson

    Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Intravenous injection of killed Bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG) causes significant lung changes in rabbits. These changes include increased lung weight, higher pulmonary resistance, and lower dynamic compliance, indicating impaired lung function.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Immunology
    • Veterinary Pathology

    Background:

    • Bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is used in immunotherapy and vaccination.
    • BCG administration can lead to immune responses and potential systemic effects.
    • Pulmonary involvement following BCG treatment is not fully characterized in terms of functional changes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the correlation between lung histological alterations and pulmonary function changes after intravenous BCG administration in rabbits.
    • To quantify specific pulmonary function parameters in BCG-treated rabbits compared to controls.

    Main Methods:

    • New Zealand white rabbits received intravenous injections of killed BCG.
    • Pulmonary function tests were conducted using a body plethysmograph after tracheostomy and carotid catheterization.

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  • Lung weight and histological evaluations were performed post-mortem.

    • Main Results:

    • BCG-treated rabbits showed a 152% greater lung weight/body weight ratio.
    • Pulmonary resistance increased by 104%, and dynamic compliance decreased by 45%.
    • Minute ventilation was 28% greater, and the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (AaPO2) increased by 13 torr.
    • Histology revealed diffuse pulmonary involvement with non-caseating granulomas.

    Conclusions:

    • Intravenous BCG administration induces significant pulmonary histological changes in rabbits.
    • These histological changes are associated with measurable impairments in pulmonary function, including increased resistance and reduced compliance.
    • The findings suggest that BCG can cause significant lung pathology and functional deficits.