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Related Experiment Videos

Direct complement fixation test with avian infectious bronchitis virus in chicken.

P K Uppal

    The Journal of Hygiene
    |June 1, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary

    The direct complement fixation test effectively tracks avian infectious bronchitis virus (AIBV) antibody responses in chickens. Complement-fixing antibodies appear early but decline faster than neutralizing antibodies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Virology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Avian infectious bronchitis virus (AIBV) poses a significant threat to poultry health and economic productivity.
    • Understanding the kinetics of antibody responses is crucial for effective disease management and vaccine development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the direct complement fixation test (CFT) for monitoring antibody responses against AIBV in chickens.
    • To compare the temporal dynamics of complement-fixing antibodies with neutralizing antibodies post-infection.

    Main Methods:

    • Chickens were inoculated with AIBV, and serum samples were collected serially.
    • Direct complement fixation tests were performed using concentrated allantoic fluid as antigen.
    • Serum neutralization tests were conducted for comparative analysis of antibody detection.

    Main Results:

    • Complement-fixing antibodies were detected as early as 7 days post-primary inoculation, peaking between 14-21 days (titers 1/32-1/64).
    • Neutralizing antibodies appeared later, typically by day 14, with significant titers by day 21.
    • Complement-fixing antibodies waned and disappeared by 7 weeks, while neutralizing antibodies remained at high levels.

    Conclusions:

    • The direct complement fixation test is a sensitive method for early detection of AIBV antibody responses.
    • CFT is valuable for tracking acute antibody production, while serum neutralization is better for assessing long-term immunity.
    • The distinct kinetics of these antibody types provide insights into the adaptive immune response to AIBV.

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