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Evidence for a precursor to circulating parathyroid hormone.

L M Sherwood, J S Rodman, W B Lundberg

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |November 1, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bovine parathyroid glands produce a precursor form of parathyroid hormone (proparathormone) that is converted into a smaller, active form for secretion. This conversion occurs within the glands before the hormone enters circulation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates calcium and phosphate homeostasis.
    • The synthesis and secretion mechanisms of PTH are not fully elucidated.
    • Physiological stimuli, such as cation concentration, influence PTH release.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the synthesis and secretion of parathyroid hormone in bovine parathyroid glands.
    • To characterize the forms of parathyroid hormone present within the glands and in circulation.
    • To determine if a precursor form of parathyroid hormone exists.

    Main Methods:

    • Organ culture of bovine parathyroid glands.
    • Incubation with altered cation concentrations to stimulate hormone secretion.

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  • Immunological and molecular weight analysis of secreted and gland-extracted hormone.
  • Radioactive labeling studies to track hormone conversion.
  • Analysis of gland homogenates for hormone interconversion.

    • Main Results:

    • Bovine parathyroid glands synthesize and secrete PTH in response to cation concentration changes.
    • Hormone synthesized within glands is immunologically distinct and higher in molecular weight than secreted PTH.
    • The molecular weight and immunological properties of secreted PTH match circulating PTH.
    • Evidence of radioactive label transfer and interconversion between hormone forms within gland homogenates.

    Conclusions:

    • Bovine parathyroid glands synthesize a precursor hormone, termed proparathormone.
    • This precursor hormone is modified within the glands to a smaller molecular weight form.
    • The modified, smaller hormone is then released into the culture medium and circulates in blood.