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Specificity of mRNA binding factor in eukaryotes.

S M Heywood

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |December 1, 1970
    PubMed
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    Ribosomal factors are essential for messenger RNA (mRNA) binding and protein synthesis. Specific binding factors enhance the translation of muscle and globin mRNA, demonstrating crucial roles in gene expression.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Ribosomal factors removed by high salt wash from chick muscle ribosomes are crucial for mRNA binding and myosin synthesis.
    • These factors are separable into distinct components via DEAE-cellulose chromatography.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize the specific ribosomal factors involved in messenger RNA (mRNA) binding and translation.
    • To investigate the specificity of these factors in recognizing and binding different types of mRNA.

    Main Methods:

    • High salt wash of chick muscle ribosomes to isolate factors.
    • DEAE-cellulose chromatography to separate ribosomal factors.
    • Assays for mRNA binding to ribosomes.
    • In vitro translation assays using reticulocyte ribosomes.

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    Main Results:

    • A specific factor eluting between 0.18 and 0.25 M KCl was identified as responsible for mRNA binding to ribosomes.
    • This binding factor demonstrated specificity, with preferential binding of muscle mRNA to ribosomes containing muscle-specific factors.
    • Globin mRNA showed preferential translation when reticulocyte factors were present on the ribosome.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific ribosomal factors are required for efficient mRNA binding and translation.
    • These factors exhibit mRNA specificity, highlighting their role in regulating gene expression at the translational level.
    • The findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms of protein synthesis regulation in eukaryotic cells.