International health--a traveler's alert

The human population of the earth is estimated to be approximately four billion people, the majority of whom live in developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. They are the poorer segment of the world's population and live in the world's warmest places. Infectious communicable endemic diseases also abound in these poverty areas. Millions of Americans travel to these less developed countries (LDCs), thus exposing themselves to unfamiliar health conditions. The United States no longer requires an immunization certificate for travelers from these LDCs. Tropical diseases also represent a type of pathology infrequently seen by many American medical practitioners. Additionally, the curricula of medical schools allocate only a fractional amount of time to specific disease problems of LDCs. Important gaps exist in both knowledge and application of knowledge in terms of many such diseases.The international travelers to LDCs must not be lulled into believing that travel precautions are unnecessary. Lack of preparedness can be hazardous and even fatal to international travelers. Those who purchase souvenirs such as art works and handicrafts often are not aware that these items may pose health hazards. The health professions, particularly the public health department official, should develop a continuing health education regimen in the area of health care for international travelers. The American traveling public deserves better service in this matter.