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Plasma lactate accumulation and distance running performance.

P A Farrell, J H Wilmore, E F Coyle

    Medicine and Science in Sports
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Distance runners

    Area of Science:

    • Exercise physiology
    • Sports science
    • Human performance

    Background:

    • Understanding physiological determinants of endurance running performance is crucial for training optimization.
    • Key factors include muscle fiber type, maximal oxygen uptake, and running economy.
    • Identifying the critical intensity that triggers lactate accumulation is vital for pacing strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between physiological variables and distance running performance.
    • To determine which physiological factors best predict performance across various running distances.
    • To explore the role of the onset of plasma lactate accumulation (OPLA) in race pacing.

    Main Methods:

    • Laboratory and field assessments were conducted on 18 male distance runners.

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  • Performance was measured at distances from 3.2 km to the marathon.
  • Physiological parameters included muscle fiber composition (%ST), maximal oxygen consumption (Vo2max), running economy, and the velocity and oxygen consumption at OPLA.

    • Main Results:

    • %ST, Vo2max, running economy, and OPLA-related measures were significantly correlated with performance across all distances.
    • The treadmill velocity corresponding to OPLA was the strongest predictor of running performance.
    • Adding other factors did not significantly improve the predictive power, suggesting OPLA is a key determinant.

    Conclusions:

    • The velocity at OPLA is a primary physiological determinant of distance running performance.
    • Runners may naturally select a race pace close to their OPLA velocity to maximize aerobic energy utilization.
    • This relationship holds true regardless of the runner's competitive level, indicating a fundamental physiological constraint or strategy.