The no-effect level, an old bone of contention in toxicology

This discussion of the NEL presents some thoughts how toxicologists could be encouraged to use more sophisticated modern techniques for the study of various environmental chemicals. It is proposed to use the concept of the NEL only for data obtained by conventional techniques in routine toxicity experiments. Information on the mechanisms of the biologic effects of chemicals should, whenever possible, be used preferentially for the assessment of human risk and should therefore also be considered for the establishment of the ADI.