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Related Experiment Videos

The lung as a filter for microbubbles.

B D Butler, B A Hills

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    An ultrasonic Doppler device can detect arterial microbubbles in dogs. The lungs effectively filter bubbles under normal conditions, but filtration fails with gas overload or vasodilator use.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular physiology
    • Pulmonary medicine
    • Medical instrumentation

    Background:

    • Microbubble detection is crucial for assessing gas embolism risk.
    • The lungs' capacity to filter venous gas emboli is not fully understood.
    • Noninvasive monitoring of microbubbles in the arterial system is needed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate an ultrasonic Doppler device for detecting microbubbles in the canine femoral artery.
    • To assess the lungs' efficacy as a filter for venous gas emboli.
    • To investigate factors compromising pulmonary microbubble filtration.

    Main Methods:

    • Anesthetized dogs underwent aortic infusion of calibrated microbubbles.
    • Gas was infused intravenously (microbubbles or bolus) to test pulmonary filtration.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • An ultrasonic Doppler device monitored the femoral artery for microbubbles.
  • Physiological parameters and respiration were recorded.

    • Main Results:

    • The Doppler device detected microbubbles (14-189 micrometers) infused into the aorta.
    • Under normal conditions, lungs filtered bubbles, with a cutoff diameter < 22 micrometers.
    • Pulmonary filtration failed with severe gas overload (20 ml) or aminophylline pretreatment.
    • Arterial bubble detection correlated with significant physiological changes and altered respiration.

    Conclusions:

    • The canine model and Doppler device are suitable for studying pulmonary microbubble filtration.
    • The lungs act as an effective filter for small microbubbles under normal physiological conditions.
    • Pulmonary vasodilators and gas overload can impair the lungs' ability to prevent arterial gas embolism.
    • Respiration profile changes may indicate venous embolization and predict arterial overload.