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Secretory immunity in influenza.

Y S Shvartsman, S K Grigorieva

    The Journal of Infectious Diseases
    |December 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Secretory antibodies to influenza A are preserved for months, with severe cases showing longer-lasting immunity. Influenza A infection can temporarily decrease antibodies to other viruses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Virology
    • Respiratory Medicine

    Background:

    • Secretory antibodies play a crucial role in mucosal immunity against respiratory viruses.
    • Understanding the dynamics of antibody response to influenza infection is vital for public health.
    • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the long-term preservation and cross-reactivity of secretory antibodies during influenza.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the formation and duration of secretory antibodies against influenza A virus.
    • To examine changes in secretory antibodies to non-influenza antigens during influenza A infection.
    • To compare the immune response to influenza A and influenza B infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Study included 64 patients with influenza A, 105 with influenza B, and 23 recovered from influenza A.
    • Antibody titers in sera and nasal secretions were measured.
    • Changes in antibodies to influenza A, influenza B, RSV, adenovirus, and staphylococcus toxin were monitored.

    Main Results:

    • Severe influenza A cases showed antibody accumulation in sera and nasal secretions, with transudation observed.
    • Secretory antibodies to influenza A persisted for 4-8 months (mild) and over 8 months (severe with pneumonia).
    • Influenza A infection led to decreased antibody titers against other viruses, while influenza B stimulated circulating antibodies more than secretory ones.

    Conclusions:

    • Influenza A infection induces a robust and long-lasting secretory antibody response, particularly in severe cases.
    • A transient decrease in antibodies to other respiratory pathogens may occur during influenza A infection.
    • The immune response differs between influenza A and B, with influenza B favoring circulating antibody production.

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