Induction of glutamine synthetase in embryonic retina: its dependence on cell interactions

A relation between enzyme induction in embryonic cells and cellular organization is indicated by the finding that the levels of glutamine synthetase induced by hydrocortisone in the embryonic neural retina in vitro are dependent on the associations between the retina cells. Intact retina tissue, aggregates of dissociated cells, and cells in monolayer culture showed a decreasing response, in this order, to glutamine synthetase induction. With time of culture, the enzyme activity continued to rise in the intact retina and in cell aggregates, but activity declined in monolayer cultures even though the inducer was continuously present. Dispersed cells cultured in monolayer without the inducer showed after 24 hours a loss of inducibility which could not be reversed by reaggregating such modified cells but could be prevented by maintaining the freshly dispersed cells at a low temperature.