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Tocopherol level in human blood cells.

M Mino, Y Nishida, Y Kijima

    Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Red blood cells (RBCs) primarily contain alpha-tocopherol, with levels changing alongside plasma concentrations during development. Pregnant women show uniquely low RBC alpha-tocopherol despite high plasma levels.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Nutritional Science
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Tocopherols, including alpha-tocopherol, are vital lipid-soluble antioxidants.
    • Red blood cells (RBCs) play a role in transporting and storing nutrients.
    • Understanding tocopherol distribution is crucial for assessing antioxidant status across different life stages.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify alpha-tocopherol levels in RBCs and plasma across various developmental stages and physiological conditions.
    • To investigate the localization and changes in tocopherol isomers within RBCs.
    • To compare RBC and plasma alpha-tocopherol dynamics, particularly in pregnancy.

    Main Methods:

    • Separation and quantification of alpha-tocopherol from other tocopherol analogs.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of tocopherol content in RBC membranes and plasma.
  • Comparative analysis of tocopherol levels in cord blood, premature infants, children, adults, and pregnant women.

    • Main Results:

    • Alpha-tocopherol is the predominant form in RBCs, localized mainly in membranes.
    • RBCs exclusively contain alpha-tocopherol, whereas plasma contains both alpha- and gamma-tocopherol.
    • RBC alpha-tocopherol levels correlate with plasma levels but exhibit smaller fluctuations.
    • The RBC to plasma alpha-tocopherol ratio is higher in neonates and premature infants compared to adults.
    • Pregnant women exhibit significantly lower RBC alpha-tocopherol levels than adults, even with elevated plasma tocopherol.

    Conclusions:

    • RBC alpha-tocopherol levels reflect plasma concentrations but are more stable, indicating a distinct regulatory mechanism.
    • Developmental stage significantly influences the RBC/plasma alpha-tocopherol ratio.
    • Pregnancy is associated with a unique pattern of diminished RBC alpha-tocopherol accumulation despite high plasma levels, suggesting altered membrane transport or utilization.