The intercostal flap: an anatomical and hemodynamic approach

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Anatomy

Background:

• The intercostal island flap is a novel surgical technique for torso reconstruction.
• Precise understanding of intercostal anatomy is crucial for its successful application.

Observation:

• Human cadaver dissections focused on the lower (T7-T11) intercostal neurovascular bundles.
• Identified four distinct anatomical segments: vertebral, costal groove, intermuscular, and rectus.

Findings:

• Detailed the precise course and branching patterns of intercostal neurovascular bundles.
• Demonstrated that these anatomical segments can be combined to create versatile skin flaps.
• Presented three clinical applications with surgical modifications based on anatomical findings.

Implications:

• The intercostal island flap is a valuable tool for reconstructive surgery.
• Highlights the importance of detailed anatomical knowledge in surgical innovation.
• Offers potential for improved outcomes in torso reconstruction procedures.