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Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in Britain.

J Apley, S K Clarke, A P Roome

    British Medical Journal
    |March 7, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary

    Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by Naegleria fowleri was diagnosed in Great Britain. Despite early treatment, a 2-year-old boy died, though two other children recovered from milder meningitis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Neurology
    • Parasitology

    Background:

    • Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare and often fatal infection of the central nervous system.
    • Naegleria fowleri is an opportunistic free-living amoeba that can cause PAM, typically in warm freshwater environments.
    • This report details the first diagnosed cases of Naegleria-induced meningoencephalitis in Great Britain.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report the first cases of Naegleria meningoencephalitis diagnosed in Great Britain.
    • To describe the clinical course and outcomes of patients with Naegleria infection.
    • To highlight the potential for Naegleria to cause severe neurological disease even with early intervention.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical case reporting and diagnosis of meningoencephalitis.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Isolation and identification of Naegleria from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  • Treatment with amphotericin B for affected individuals.

    • Main Results:

    • A 2-year-old boy diagnosed with Naegleria meningoencephalitis survived for 15 days, a prolonged survival for recorded cases.
    • Two other children exposed to the same environmental source developed milder meningitis.
    • Naegleria was successfully isolated from the CSF of one of the children; both recovered after amphotericin treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Naegleria fowleri can cause severe meningoencephalitis in Great Britain.
    • Early diagnosis and treatment, including amphotericin, may lead to recovery in milder cases.
    • Environmental exposure, such as to warm, muddy water, is a likely source of infection.