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Infection by the hepatitis B virus in patients of a general hospital
Insights
This study investigated Hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in Rio de Janeiro inpatients. High HBsAg rates were found in hepatitis and liver disease patients, while anti-HBs was prevalent in leprosy and diabetes cases.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global health concern.
- Understanding the prevalence of HBV markers like HBsAg and anti-HBs is crucial for disease management and prevention strategies.
- Previous studies have indicated varying prevalence rates across different populations and clinical conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to Hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) in a cohort of 1062 inpatients.
- To analyze the distribution of these markers across various clinical conditions, including different types of hepatitis, liver disease, diabetes, and leprosy.
- To highlight the significance of the HBV carrier state and discuss the implications of high anti-HBs positivity.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1062 inpatients in Rio de Janeiro.
- Serological testing was performed to detect the presence of HBsAg and anti-HBs.
- Data analysis involved calculating positivity rates for each marker across different patient groups.
Main Results:
- HBsAg positivity was highest in patients with chronic hepatitis (46.67%) and acute viral hepatitis (37.8%).
- Significant HBsAg rates were also observed in chronic liver disease (7.69%), diabetes (3.08%), and lepromatous leprosy (2.35%).
- Anti-HBs was less frequent in acute viral hepatitis patients compared to other conditions. Highest anti-HBs rates were found in lepromatous leprosy (57.65%), drug addicts (46.15%), and diabetes (43.3%).
Conclusions:
- The study underscores the importance of the Hepatitis B carrier state, particularly in patients with chronic liver conditions.
- Elevated anti-HBs levels in non-hepatitis patient groups warrant further investigation into potential exposure or vaccination patterns.
- Findings provide valuable epidemiological data for HBV surveillance and intervention efforts in the Rio de Janeiro region.
Abstract:
The prevalence of HBsAg and anti HBs was studied in 1062 inpatients in the city of Rio de Janeiro. HBsAg positivity rates were as follows: a) acute viral hepatitis: 37.8% b) chronic hepatitis 46.67% c) chronic liver disease without hepatitis: 7.69% d) diabetes 3.08% e) lepromatous leprosy 2.35% f) others 2.01%. The carrier state is emphasized. Anti HBs was less frequent in patients with acute viral hepatitis than in patients with other diseases (hepatic or not). The highest levels were: a) lepromatous leprosy: 57.65% b) drug addicts: 46.15% e) diabetes: 43.3%. The high anti HBs positivity is discussed.