Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity guidelines.

Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology

|November 1, 1977

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Animal bioassays are crucial for toxicology safety evaluations but have limitations, especially for chronic toxicity testing. Standardizing protocols presents challenges, requiring careful consideration of diverse testing needs and available scientific resources.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Implementation of EPA Revised Cancer Assessment Guidelines: Incorporation of Mechanistic and Pharmacokinetic Data.

Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology·1997

Same author

Toxicity studies of epichlorohydrin in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Drug and chemical toxicology·1996

Same author

Toxicity of 1,1,1-trichloro-2-propanone in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Journal of toxicology and environmental health·1993

Same author

Subchronic toxicity study of 1,3-dichloropropanone in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Drug and chemical toxicology·1993

Same author

Subchronic toxicity study of 1,1-dichloro-2-propanone in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Drug and chemical toxicology·1993

Same author

Hepatocarcinogenicity of chloral hydrate, 2-chloroacetaldehyde, and dichloroacetic acid in the male B6C3F1 mouse.

Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology·1992

Same journal

Health and ecological assessment of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.

Journal of environmental pathology and toxicology·1981

Same journal

Influence of diet on hexachlorobenzene accumulation in Osborne Mendel rats.

Journal of environmental pathology and toxicology·1980

Same journal

Neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions induced in female C3H mice by diets containing diethylstilbestrol or 17 beta-estradiol.

Journal of environmental pathology and toxicology·1980

Same journal

Immunotoxicology studies of sodium arsenate-effects of exposure on tumor growth and cell-mediated tumor immunity.

Journal of environmental pathology and toxicology·1980

Same journal

Immunocompetence over the lifespan of mice exposed in utero to carbofuran or diazinon: I. Changes in serum immunoglobulin concentrations.

Journal of environmental pathology and toxicology·1980

Same journal

Effects of lead, cadmium and methylmercury on immunological memory.

Journal of environmental pathology and toxicology·1980

See all related articles

Area of Science:

Toxicology
Risk Assessment
Regulatory Science

Background:

Animal bioassays remain primary tools for toxicological safety evaluation.
Significant limitations exist in extrapolating animal test results to human risk assessment, particularly for chronic toxicity.
Numerous guidelines for chronic toxicity and carcinogenesis tests have emerged.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing protocols and guidelines for chronic toxicity and carcinogenesis tests.
To assess the potential for standardization versus the need for methodological flexibility.
To identify key controversial aspects in bioassay design.

Main Methods:

Review of national and international guidelines for chronic toxicity and carcinogenesis tests.
Analysis of major design aspects including animal models, exposure routes, dose selection, pathology, and reporting.

Related Experiment Videos

Consideration of standardization potential and critical issues.

Main Results:

While standardization offers advantages, complete standardization is undesirable due to differing test objectives and potential stifling of innovation.
Key controversial aspects in bioassay design include animal models, route of exposure, dose selection, pathology requirements, and reporting.
A significant dilemma involves balancing thoroughness in pathology with available scientific manpower.

Conclusions:

Toxicologists must recognize the limitations of animal bioassays for human risk assessment.
Flexibility in bioassay protocols is necessary to accommodate diverse research goals and encourage methodological advancement.
Addressing the manpower demands for extensive pathology in routine bioassays is a critical challenge for regulatory agencies.