Disruption of yeast membranes by methylphenidate

Methylphenidate blocked sorbose uptake and loss by yeast spheroplasts and, at higher concentrations (30 mm), disrupted the spheroplasts. At still higher concentrations (70 mm), methylphenidate also ruptured the membranes of whole yeast cells; sorbose and materials absorbing at 280 nm were lost from the cells, and methylene blue stained them. Intracellular structures were extensively affected, as shown by electron micrographs, and were more sensitive to disruption by methylphenidate than the external membrane. N-ethylmaleimide and Ca(2+) enhanced the rupture of external membranes by methylphenidate.