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Updated: Jul 20, 2026

The Forced Swim Test as a Model of Depressive-like Behavior

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Published on: March 2, 2015

Twin relationships and depression.

M Paluszny, M L Selzer, A Vinokur

The American Journal of Psychiatry

|September 1, 1977

Summary

Twin studies reveal that greater closeness between twins is linked to lower depression levels. This research highlights the importance of relationships in understanding depressive symptoms.

Area of Science:

Psychology
Behavioral Genetics

Background:

Depression is a prevalent mental health concern.
Twin studies are valuable for exploring genetic and environmental influences on traits like depression.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between interpersonal closeness and depressive symptoms in twins.
To assess depression levels in identical and fraternal twin pairs.

Main Methods:

A questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics and twin relationship quality.
The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale measured depressive symptoms.
Data were collected from 22 identical and 13 fraternal twin pairs.

Main Results:

High agreement was observed across all measured variables within the twin pairs.

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Depression levels in the sample were comparable to general population estimates.

A significant inverse correlation was found between closeness and depression.

Conclusions:

Interpersonal closeness may play a protective role against depression.
Future research should explore these relationships in diverse groups and longitudinal studies.