Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 13, 2026
12:30
Glycan Profiling of Plant Cell Wall Polymers using Microarrays
Published on: December 17, 2012
A cell wall proteo-heteroglycan from Piricularia oryzae: isolation and partial structure
Journal of Biochemistry
|December 1, 1977
Summary
Researchers isolated a proteo-heteroglycan from Piricularia oryzae, a fungus causing rice blast disease. This study details its carbohydrate composition and structure, revealing a mannan backbone with modified side chains.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Mycology
- Carbohydrate Chemistry
Background:
- Piricularia oryzae is a significant pathogen responsible for rice blast disease (Imochi-byo).
- Proteo-heteroglycans are complex molecules with potential roles in fungal pathogenicity and host interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize a specific proteo-heteroglycan from Piricularia oryzae.
- To elucidate the carbohydrate composition, structure, and linkage of this fungal molecule.
Main Methods:
- Isolation via hot citrate buffer extraction, cetavlon fractionation, and DEAE-Sephadex chromatography.
- Characterization using electrophoresis, analytical ultracentrifugation, partial acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis.
- Determination of carbohydrate-protein linkage using alkaline beta-elimination.
Main Results:
- A homogeneous proteo-heteroglycan was purified, comprising 91% carbohydrate (D-mannose, D-glucose, D-galactose in 6:2:1 molar ratio).
- The structure features an (1-6)-linked mannan backbone with D-glucopyranose and D-galactofuranose terminal modifications.
- Carbohydrate-protein linkage was identified as mannosyl serine or mannosyl threonine.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a detailed structural analysis of a key proteo-heteroglycan from Piricularia oryzae.
- Understanding this molecule's structure may offer insights into the pathogenesis of rice blast disease.
- The findings contribute to the knowledge of fungal glycobiology and polysaccharide structures.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:43Plant Cell Wall
The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.Collenchyma and sclerenchyma cells, on the other hand, mainly occur in the outer layers of a plant's stems and leaves. These cells provide the plant with strength and support by either partially thickening their primary cell wall (i.e., collenchyma), or depositing a...
01:07Plant Cell Wall
Plant cells have a cell wall, a rigid outer covering that protects the cell and provides shape and support. During cell division, a mixture of enzymes, proteins, and glucose molecules is transported via vesicles to the center of the cell. These vesicles continuously fuse and build a cell plate between the dividing cells. As the cell plate matures, new polysaccharides are added to it to form the cell walls of the daughter cells. The predominant polysaccharide in the cell wall is cellulose, made...
01:15Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides
Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth. Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the parenchyma cells of...
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the parenchyma cells of...
01:22Bacterial Cell Wall
The bacterial cell wall is an essential structural component that encases the plasma membrane, preserving cellular integrity, determining shape, and protecting against osmotic stress. This rigid yet flexible structure primarily comprises peptidoglycan, a polymer that forms a mesh-like matrix conferring mechanical strength and flexibility.Peptidoglycan Composition and StructurePeptidoglycan, the core of the bacterial cell wall, comprises alternating units of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and...
01:28Peptidoglycan Synthesis
Structure of PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan is a vital structural component of the bacterial cell wall, providing mechanical strength and shape to the cell. It consists of repeating units of two sugars—N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)—linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These sugar chains are cross-linked by short peptide chains, forming a mesh-like polymer that surrounds the bacterial plasma membrane.Cytoplasmic Phase – Precursor SynthesisPeptidoglycan biosynthesis begins in...
01:29Archaeal Cell Wall
Archaeal cell walls are structurally and compositionally distinct from their bacterial counterparts, lacking the characteristic peptidoglycan layer found in most bacteria. Instead, archaeal cell walls exhibit remarkable diversity, utilizing materials such as pseudomurein, polysaccharides, and proteins to construct their protective outer layers. This structural flexibility is closely tied to archaea's ecological adaptability.S-Layers: The Common Archaeal Cell WallThe S-layer is the most...