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Resistance changes in lipid bilayers: immunological applications.

P Barfort, E R Arquilla, P O Vogelhut

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 7, 1968
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Antibody and complement binding to a lipid membrane triggers a rapid decrease in electrical resistance when the antigen is introduced. This sensitive reaction requires minimal antiserum, showing potential for rapid diagnostics.

    Area of Science:

    • Biophysics
    • Immunology
    • Membrane Science

    Background:

    • Bimolecular lipid membranes are crucial models for cell membranes.
    • Antibody-antigen interactions are fundamental to immune responses.
    • Complement system activation plays a key role in immune defense.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of antibody, complement, and antigen interactions on the electrical resistance of a bimolecular lipid membrane.
    • To determine the sensitivity and speed of this membrane-based reaction.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of electrical resistance of a bimolecular lipid membrane.
    • Controlled introduction of antibody, complement, and homologous antigen to specific sides of the membrane in a 0.1 molar NaCl solution.

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    Main Results:

    • A significant decrease in electrical resistance was observed upon addition of the homologous antigen to the side opposite the antibody and complement.
    • The reaction initiated within minutes.
    • The assay demonstrated high sensitivity, requiring less than 0.1 microliter of antiserum.

    Conclusions:

    • The combined presence of antibody and complement on a lipid membrane facilitates a rapid and sensitive electrical response to homologous antigen detection.
    • This phenomenon offers a potential basis for rapid diagnostic assays utilizing lipid membranes.