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Synchronies in mental development: an epigenetic perspective.

R S Wilson

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |December 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study shows that early mental development is guided by genetics and environment. Twin studies reveal that identical twins

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Psychology
    • Behavioral Genetics
    • Evolutionary Psychology

    Background:

    • Understanding early mental development requires examining genetic, maturational, and environmental factors.
    • Twin and sibling studies offer valuable insights into the heritability and environmental influences on development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze early mental development from an evolutionary perspective.
    • To investigate the interplay of genetic programming, maturational status, and environmental influence on cognitive development.
    • To assess developmental trajectories in twins and siblings longitudinally.

    Main Methods:

    • Longitudinal study of a large sample of twins and siblings.
    • Developmental assessments conducted from 3 months to 6 years of age.

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  • Comparative analysis of concordance rates between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.

    • Main Results:

    • Monozygotic twins exhibited increasing concordance and parallel developmental spurts/lags over time.
    • Dizygotic twins showed decreasing concordance with age, matching singleton sibling levels.
    • Genetic programming, maturation, and environment interact to guide mental development.

    Conclusions:

    • The intrinsic genetic program plays a crucial role in shaping mental development.
    • Developmental trajectories are influenced by a dynamic interplay between genetics, maturation, and environment.
    • Findings support an evolutionary framework for understanding cognitive development.