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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • The NIL8 hamster cell line secretes complement component 3 (C3), collagen, and fibronectin.
    • Secreted C3 exists as a disulfide-bonded complex of alpha (130 kDa) and beta (65 kDa) polypeptides.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the synthesis, activation, and complement pathway involvement of C3 secreted by NIL8 cells.
    • To characterize the precursor form of C3 and its conversion to the active component.

    Main Methods:

    • Culturing NIL8 hamster cells and analyzing secreted proteins.
    • Investigating C3 activation using zymosan and antibody-coated erythrocytes.
    • Characterizing the precursor form of C3 (proC3) and its cleavage products.

    Main Results:

    • NIL8 cells secrete C3 that can be cleaved to C3b and further processed by C3 inactivators.
    • C3 activation to C3b is mediated by both classical and alternative complement pathways.
    • C3 is synthesized as an inactive 185 kDa precursor (proC3) that is cleaved to yield active C3.

    Conclusions:

    • The NIL8 cell culture system provides a model for studying complement C3 synthesis and activation.
    • C3 secretion and activation are observed in some cell lines (NIL1, BALB/c 3T3) but not others.
    • The findings elucidate the biological processing of complement C3 from an inactive precursor to an active component involved in immune responses.