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Related Experiment Videos

Persistence training: a partial reinforcement procedure for reversing learned helplessness and depression.

J R Nation, P Massad

    Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
    |December 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Partial and continuous success therapy effectively reversed learned helplessness and depression. Partial success therapy, especially extended sessions, promoted more persistent behavioral responses in extinction, introducing a new "persistence training" approach.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Behavioral Therapy
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • Learned helplessness and depression are significant mental health challenges.
    • Understanding effective therapeutic interventions for these conditions is crucial.
    • Success therapy, in partial or continuous forms, is explored for its efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the effectiveness of partial versus continuous success therapy in reversing learned helplessness and depression.
    • To investigate the impact of therapy duration (abbreviated vs. extended) on treatment outcomes.
    • To introduce and evaluate a novel treatment program called persistence training.

    Main Methods:

    • College students were assigned to eight groups, receiving different combinations of success therapy (continuous or partial) and problem types (soluble or insoluble).

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  • Therapy involved either abbreviated (20 trials) or extended (40 trials) treatment schedules.
  • Following therapy, all groups underwent escape-extinction trials with uncontrollable aversive stimuli.

    • Main Results:

    • Both continuous and partial success therapy effectively reversed learned helplessness induced by insoluble problems.
    • Partial success therapy uniquely led to persistent escape responding during extinction trials.
    • Extended therapy durations consistently resulted in greater response persistence compared to abbreviated durations.

    Conclusions:

    • Partial success therapy demonstrates superior efficacy in fostering long-term behavioral persistence compared to continuous success therapy.
    • The findings support the development of 'persistence training' as a targeted intervention for learned helplessness and depression.
    • Therapy duration is a critical factor influencing the persistence of therapeutic gains.