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Twin concordance. A more general model.

G Allen, Z Hrubec

    Acta Geneticae Medicae Et Gemellologiae
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Estimating twin disease concordance requires a two-stage process. This study presents a mathematical model to accurately estimate concordance rates, accounting for varying ascertainment completeness in both stages.

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    Area of Science:

    • * Twin studies
    • * Genetic epidemiology
    • * Biostatistics

    Background:

    • * Estimating twin concordance rates for diseases is crucial for understanding genetic and environmental influences.
    • * Traditional methods often assume complete ascertainment, which can lead to biased results.
    • * Ascertainment, the process of identifying affected individuals, can be incomplete at various stages.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • * To develop a mathematical model for estimating twin concordance rates with incomplete ascertainment.
    • * To account for correlations within twin pairs during both primary and secondary ascertainment.
    • * To provide accurate estimation methods for twin studies with varying data completeness.

    Main Methods:

    • * Development of a two-stage mathematical model for disease ascertainment in twin pairs.

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  • * Incorporation of parameters for continuous variation in ascertainment completeness.
  • * Modeling of within-pair correlations in both ascertainment and disease occurrence.

    • Main Results:

    • * The proband method accurately estimates concordance if secondary ascertainment is complete.
    • * Other concordance measures are accurate only with complete primary ascertainment.
    • * A novel parameter analogous to concordance, reflecting primary ascertainment correlation, can be estimated.

    Conclusions:

    • * The proposed model offers a flexible framework for analyzing twin concordance data with imperfect ascertainment.
    • * Accurate estimation of twin concordance requires careful consideration of ascertainment completeness.
    • * The study provides methods to improve the reliability of genetic and environmental factor estimations in twin research.