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Related Experiment Videos

Measles immunization. Successes and failures.

A S Yeager, J H Davis, L A Ross

    JAMA
    |January 24, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Children immunized against measles before 13 months of age had lower antibody titers, suggesting vaccine failure. Reimmunization programs are recommended for this group to improve measles immunity.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Pediatrics
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Measles outbreaks necessitate evaluating vaccine effectiveness.
    • Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers are a key measure of measles immunity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess measles antibody titers in immunized children during a large outbreak.
    • To determine the impact of immunization age on measles immunity levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Measles hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers were measured in 465 immunized children.
    • Analysis compared antibody titers based on age at immunization.

    Main Results:

    • 14.6% of children immunized at 12 months had low titers (<1:4) versus 5.2% immunized at 13+ months.

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  • Children immunized earlier had lower titers, suggesting primary vaccine failure.
  • Maternal antibody levels were higher in seronegative children immunized at 11-12 months.
  • Conclusions:

    • Vaccine failure, not waning immunity, is the likely cause of low measles titers in some immunized children.
    • Immunization at 13 months or later is associated with higher protective antibody levels.
    • Reimmunization programs should target children vaccinated before 13 months of age.