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Benign and malignant struma ovarii.

P S Hasleton, P Kelehan, J S Whittaker

    Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
    |April 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study reports three struma ovarii cases, one malignant. Ovarian tumors confirmed to secrete thyroid hormones, excluding metastasis from primary thyroid cancer.

    Area of Science:

    • Gynecologic pathology
    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Struma ovarii is a rare germ cell tumor containing thyroid tissue.
    • Distinguishing benign from malignant struma ovarii can be challenging.
    • Understanding the functional and metastatic potential is crucial for patient management.

    Observation:

    • Presents three cases of struma ovarii: two benign, one malignant.
    • Immunoperoxidase staining confirmed hormone secretion (triiodothyronine, thyroxine).
    • Absence of carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha-fetoprotein was noted.

    Findings:

    • Malignant struma ovarii confirmed by tumor markers and histology.
    • Thyroid tissue within the ovarian tumor secreted thyroid hormones.
    • Normal thyroid histology in the malignant case excluded ovarian metastasis from thyroid cancer.

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    Implications:

    • Confirms ovarian teratomas can function as thyroid tissue.
    • Highlights the importance of immunoperoxidase studies in diagnosis.
    • Provides evidence for primary ovarian origin of malignant struma ovarii.