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[Hepatitis in dialysis wards (author's transl)].

U Junge

    MMW, Munchener Medizinische Wochenschrift
    |May 21, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Hepatitis B is endemic in hemodialysis wards, with many chronic carriers. Strict hygiene, reduced transfusions, and patient segregation can lower hepatitis B incidence.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Hepatology

    Background:

    • Endemic spread of hepatitis B is a significant issue in hemodialysis units.
    • Hemodialysis patients often present with mild or anicteric hepatitis B, but a high number have persistent HBs Ag, indicating chronic infection.
    • Clinically unapparent hepatitis and HBs Ag carriage in dialysis patients facilitate endemic transmission.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the challenges of hepatitis B endemicity in hemodialysis settings.
    • To discuss strategies for reducing hepatitis B transmission among hemodialysis patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of endemic hepatitis B spread in hemodialysis wards.
    • Analysis of factors contributing to transmission.
    • Evaluation of preventive measures.

    Main Results:

    • High prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (HBs Ag carriers) in hemodialysis patients.
    • Facilitated transmission due to subclinical infections and carrier states.
    • Potential reduction in incidence through specific interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • Implementing measures like reduced blood transfusions, appropriate equipment, segregation of HBs Ag positive patients, and strict hygiene can significantly decrease hepatitis B incidence.
    • Passive immunization with high-titer anti-HBs gammaglobulin is feasible.
    • Active immunization against hepatitis B is not yet available for this patient group.

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